Unlike our evolutionary ancestors the single-celled animals, our bodies require the constant division and renewal of our cells. But this renewal doesn’t happen indefinitely: cells eventually stop dividing, and are called ‘senescent cells’. These cells accumulate in the body until they are cleared away by the immune system. Scientists believe our bodies have developed cell senescence to combat inappropriate cell division, as in cancer.
A new study published in the periodical Nature reveals the role of senescent cells in aging tissues. The Mayo Clinic study suggests that the accumulation of senescent cells in the body increases the rate at which we age. It also finds that senescent cells cause inflammation, a major factor in age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s, arthritis and cancer.
The study shows that a treatment which clears senescent cells faster resulted in longer-lasting fatty deposits (key in preserving young-looking skin) and delayed cataract formation.
Scientists involved wonder whether they can slow premature aging by identifying the factors which cause tissue deterioration and then applying a targeted chemical treatment (similar to chemotherapy). Scientists are optimistic that this would be effective as senescent cells, unlike cancerous cells, cannot divide and build up resistance to treatment.
The prognosis? Well, we won’t be living forever, so dismiss any thoughts of celebrating your 200th birthday with a 10k run. But we very well may be able to slow down the aging process. Who wouldn’t like that?
